Association of Dialysis Adequacy with Health-Related Quality of Life Among Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Aseel Hasan Edhah Gemdan; Jamal Othman Ahmed Al-Buhairi; Farhana Ayub; Adnan Jehangir; Abdullah Abdo Albegali; Mohammed Abdualleh Saleh Hussain; Bashar Shawe Qasim Hussein Saree; Seham Awad Ahemed Al-hegary

doi:10.54133/ajms.v10i1.2439

Authors

Aseel Hasan Edhah Gemdan Nursing and Midwifery Department, Azal University for Human Development, Sana'a, Yemen https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4606-3869
Jamal Othman Ahmed Al-Buhairi Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Al-Hikma University, Sanaa, Yemen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5836-6513
Farhana Ayub BioMedical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Adnan Jehangir BioMedical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Abdullah Abdo Albegali College of Medical Sciences, Modern Specialized University, Amran, Yemen
Mohammed Abdualleh Saleh Hussain Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Amran University, Amran, Yemen
Bashar Shawe Qasim Hussein Saree Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Amran University, Amran, Yemen
Seham Awad Ahemed Al-hegary Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Amran University, Amran, Yemen

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54133/ajms.v10i1.2439

Keywords:

Adequacy, Hemodialysis, Health-related quality of life, Patients

Abstract

Background: Hemodialysis is used as renal replacement treatment to extend patients' lives. Adequate and effective dialysis can improve patients’ quality of life; however, there is a lack of data regarding dialysis adequacy and its impact on quality of life (QOL) among hemodialysis patients in the Yemeni context. Objective: To assess the association between dialysis adequacy and health‑related quality of life (HRQOL) among hemodialysis patients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 77 patients selected from the hemodialysis center of the 22 May Hospital Authority in Amran City, Yemen, from December 2024 to April 2025, using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a validated Arabic version of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL™-36) questionnaire and by measuring dialysis adequacy (Kt/V) according to standardized procedures. Results: This study showed 58.4% of patients received inadequate dialysis, and 41.6% achieved adequate dialysis based on KT/V values. The mean KDQOL score was 40.66, highest for symptoms/problems (49.11) and lowest for burden of kidney disease (25.65). Patients with adequate dialysis had significantly better scores for symptom/problem, effect, and burden subscales. Dialysis adequacy correlated positively with overall HRQOL (r=0.54, p<0.001). Hemoglobin >10 g/dL was also linked to higher HRQOL (p=0.006). Conclusions: Most HD patients experienced inadequate dialysis and impaired HRQOL. Dialysis adequacy and anemia control emerged as key determinants of better HRQO.

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